God in His wisdom and all encompassing knowledge, chose individuals and lineages above the nations of the world in terms of divine favors, which includes prophecy
3:33"Surely Allah chose Adam and Nuh and the descendants of Ibrahim and the descendants of Imran above the nations. Offspring one of the other; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing".
Adam, who was not the first human being, but rather God's first vicegerent according to the precise words in the Quran, was the one who initiated the line of prophethood among the nations. Adam had several sons, at least two 5:27, and hence after the original prophet it was necessary to specify in which line the following prophet came; it was the line leading to the prophet Nuh. Nuh was survived by an unspecified number of offspring following the deluge 37:75-7 but prophethood or special divine favors did not spread to all of them or all their descendants, it was necessary to specify in which line the following prophet came; it was the line going through his descendant Ibrahim.
Because prophethood then ramified and spread among Ismail and Isaac, the 2 sons of Ibrahim, the verse speaks of the chosenness of Ibrahim's household and finally, as an introduction to the story of the blessed Mary and her son the prophet Jesus, the verse discerns one of the lines within Ibrahim's household whose descendants were favored; it was the line running through Imran the father of Mary and grandfather of Jesus. The passage in no way point to the superiority of one of the mentionned lines from among Adam's progeny, above another.
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